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When the Iraqi government last month demanded the expulsion of
Blackwater USA, the private security company, I had one reaction: It’s
about time.
As
a U.S. official in Baghdad for nearly two years, I was frequently the
‘‘beneficiary’’ of Blackwater’s over-the-top zeal. ‘‘Just pretend it’s
a roller coaster,’’ I used to tell myself during trips through downtown
Baghdad.
We would careen around corners, jump road dividers,
reach speeds in excess of 100 mph and often cross over to the wrong
side of the street, oncoming traffic be damned.
But much more
appalling than the ride was the deleterious effect each movement
through town had on the already beleaguered people of Iraq. I began to
wonder whether my meetings, intended to further U.S. policy goals and
improve the lives of Iraqis, were doing more harm than good. With our
drivers honking at, cutting off, pelting with water bottles (a favorite
tactic) and menacing with weapons anyone in their way, how many enemies
were we creating?
One particularly infuriating time, I was in
the town of Irbil in northern Iraq, being driven to a meeting with a
Kurdish political leader. We were on a narrow stretch of highway with
no shoulders and foot-high barriers on both sides. The lead Suburban in
our convoy loomed up behind an old, puttering sedan driven by an older
man with a young woman and three children.
As we approached at
typical breakneck speed, the Blackwater driver honked furiously and
motioned to the side, as if they should pull over. The kids in the back
seat looked back in horror, mouths agape at the sight of the heavily
armored Suburbans driven by large, armed men in dark sunglasses. The
poor Iraqi driver frantically searched for a means of escape, but there
was none. So the lead Blackwater vehicle smashed heedlessly into the
car, pushing it into the bar-rier. We zoomed by too quickly to notice
if anyone was hurt.
Until that point I had never mentioned anything to my drivers about their tactics, but this time I could not contain myself.
‘‘Where
do you all expect them to go?’’ I shrieked. ‘‘It was an old guy and a
family, for goodness’ sake. Was it necessary for them to destroy their
poor old car?’’ My driver responded impassively: ‘‘Ma’am, we’ve been
trained to view anyone as a potential threat. You don’t know who they
might use as decoys or what the risks are. Terrorists could be
disguised as anyone.’’
‘‘Well, if they weren’t terrorists
before, they certainly are now!’’ I retorted. Sulking in my seat, I was
stunned by the driver’s indifference.
The Iraqis with whom I
dealt quickly learned to differentiate between the U.S. military and
private contractors. The military has established rules of engagement,
plus it is required to pay compensation for damages (although it is a
difficult and bureaucratic process). Blackwater seemed to have no such
rules, paid no compensation and, per long-standing Coalition
Provisional Authority fiat, had immunity from prosecution under Iraqi
law.
As we do the work of bridge building and improving our host
citizens’ lives, if the people providing our transportation and
security are antagonizing, angering and even killing the people we are
putatively trying to help, our entire mission is undermined.
—
Janessa Gans, a visiting political science professor at Principia
College in Elsah, Ill., was a U.S. official in Iraq from 2003 to 2005.
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